Electric lamp



(No Model.) 4 sheets-sheet 1.

' G. C. PYLE.

ELECTRIC LAMP.

1Io.'331,32'7. Patented Deo. 1,1885.

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(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 2v.

G'. C. PYLE.

ELECTRIC LAMP.

No. 331,327. Patented Deal, 1885.

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ELECTRIC LAMP. No. 331,327. Patented Deo. 1, 1885,.

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(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 4. G. C. PYLE.

ELECTRIC LAMP.

No. 831.327. Patented Deo. 1, 1885.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OEEICE..

GEORGE C. PYLE, OF CUYAHOGA FALLS, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE AMERICANELECTRIC HEADLIGHT COMPANY, OF INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA.

ELECTRIC LAMP.

.SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 331,327, datedDecember l, 1885.

Application filed September 27, 1884. Serial No. 144,186. (No model.)

.To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, GEORGE C. PYLE, of Cuyahoga Falls,in the county ofSummit and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Electric Lamps; and I do hereby declare the following tobe a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being hadto the accompanying drawl ings, forming a part of this specication, and1o to the figures and letters of reference marked thereon.

My present invention relates more especially to that class ofelectric-arc lamps known as focusing-lamps, and designed for use as I 5substitutes for theA ordinary oil-lamps, in connection with thereflectors of locomotive headlights; and my said invention consists,generally, in the provision made for properly focusing the arc Withinthe reflector and in the 2O manner of effecting the positive, uniform,and proportional feeding of the carbons, whereby a constant and steadyarc is maintained,\vhich is unaffected by any jarring or thumpingmotions which may be communicated to the mechanism.`

The application, in a practical and commercial sense, of an electric-arclamp to locomotive head-lights as ordinarily constructed, and as asubstitute for the oil-lamps, is a problem 3o of no inconsiderablemagnitude. It is essential that the light should be uniform and steady,and to secure this desideratum it is necessary to so construct andarrange the operating mechanism of the lamp that its feed shall not beinjuriously affected or controlled by the sudden jars and shocks towhich the lamp is unavoidably subjected when in operation. It is,moreover, of the utmost importance that the llamp should beso mountedand arranged 4o relativelto the reflector that it will be at all timesaccessible for inspection and repair, and so that its carbons can bereadily and expeditiously adjusted within the reflector and the arclocated in the proper focal position.

It has been found in practice that the elec tric-arc lamps as ordinarlyconstructed, especially those employing a gravity or gravitating feed,are impractical for use on a locomotive, or in anyl other place orsituation 5o where they are subjected to violent shocks.

The reason is obvious. In order to maintain the requisite degree ofstability in the arc, it is necessary that the mechanism governing andcontrolling the feed of the carbons should be extremely delicate andsensitive, and to this end, in the majority of cases, the operating ofthe feeding mechanism is made dependent more or less upon the action ofgravity. As is well known, any pendulous or pivoted weight, even thoughbalanced more or less by springs, 6o &c., acquires, when subjected toviolentjar or concussion, a force or movement by reason of its inertia,and the motion so produced, being in proportion to the weight andrapidity of the movement, cannot be accurately compensated for, andmust, therefore, of necessity become a disturbing element, interferingmaterially with the action of the feeding mechanism, which is set to afixed normal standard.

Numerous efforts have no doubt been made 7o and improvements suggestedwith a View to overcoming the defects pointed out and others inherent insuch lamps, but, so far as I am informed, without arriving at therequired degree of uniformity and certainty under all conditions.

In the accompanying drawings, illustrating an embodiment of my saidinvention, Figure l is a side elevation of my improved lamp; Figs. 2 and3, rear and side (opposite to that 8o shown in Fig. l) elevations,respectively, of the mechanism for controlling the feed; Fig. 4, a topplan view of the supporting and adjusting frame; Fig. 5, a viewenlarged, showing` the gear-train for operating the carboncarriers.Figs. 6 and 7 illustrate modifications of the mechanism for causing theseparation of the cal-bons. Fig. Sis a diagrammatic view of thecircuits. p

Similar letters of reference in the several 9o figures indicate likeparts.

The plate A, constituting the base proper of the lamp, is provided withvertical guides or ways a a, at or near one end, to receive theremovable yoke a', and with horizontal ways 95 or guides a2, to receivethe vertical post or frame B, a screw, b, fastened to said post, passingthrough the yoke c and held by the nuts b" b', serving to adjust thepost longitudinally of the plate A. The working mechanism of 10o thelamp is mounted upon and entirely supported by the frame or standard C,which latdescribed, for positioning the carbons longi- `will be at oncesuggested to those skilled in ter is arranged toslide vertically in waysl formed upon or "n the post B, the vertical adjustment being effectedthrough the medium of a screw, c, passing through a step or bearing, c',and engaging a bearing, I), attached to the post B. This much of theframe-work is very similar to that described in my application No.132,203, filed May 20, 1884, and is not herein claimed.

As set forth in my said prior application, t-he base A mayadvantageously be applied directly to the sliding board ofthehead-light,but when so arranged and intended to replace the oillamp heretoforegenerally employed it is found desirable that provision be made, inaddition to the vertical and longitudinal adjustments tudinally of thereflector, so as to locate the arc at the proper focal point. Thelongitudinal adjustment may be effected in many obvious ways-such, forexample, as by pivoting the base-plate A, as at ai, to the sliding boardand providing anv arc-shaped slot, as at a, through whichis passed ascrew or bolt. As thus arranged, the frame and attached carbons can beswung in the arc of a circle upon the pivot fr toward or from the centerof the reflector, and the length of the radius can beincreased ordiminished by changing the position ofthe postBupon the base A. I donot, however, wish to be limited to the specific device shown, as manydifferent arrangements the art f'or carrying into effect this feature ofmy invention,`which comprehends the longitudinal adjustment of thecarbon carrying mechanism with respect to the refiector. The frame orstandard O, which, as before stated, carries all the working mechanismofthe lamp, is arranged to set diagonally upon or with relation to thehase-plate A, in order the better to accommodate and adapt the lamp tothe ordinary head-light, this feature being common to my priorapplication and is claimed therein.

The standard C is provided with two ways or guides, G G2, adapted tosupport two sliding bars or racks, 'D D', the one, D, carrying theholder for the upper carbon, and the other, D', the holder for the lowercarbon. The bars D D are provided with teeth d, with which engage thepinions E E', fixed toa shaft, El, supported in an oscillating bearing,e, the latter being supported on a pivot, e', secured to the standard C,intermediate the bars D D. The pinion E is approximately twice thediameter of the pinion E', to compensate for the unequal consumption ofthe positive and negative electrodes; hence the upper or positive carbonis given a movement twice as great as the lower or negative carbon toeach revolution of the shaft E2. A very slight, if any, preponderance ofweight is given to the upper-carbon carrier or its support D, and in anyevent only sufficient to cause the approach of the carbon-carriers whenfree, due allowance being made for the difference in the size of thepinions E E. A spring, c2, may, if found desirable, be applied to theoscillating bearing c, to supplement the weight of the upper-carboncarrier and insure the dropping of the inner end of the shaft E2 whenthe lamp is not in operation, and to still further guard against theaccidental sticking of the bars D D', and to provide for the properseparation of the carbons when the inner end of the shaft El iselevated, as hereinafter described. The pivot cf of the bearing cislocated nearest the pinion E. At some convenient point on the frameare placed pins e4, (whose position may be adj usted,if desired,)between which the shaft El is permitted to vibrate, and which serve tolimit and adjust the range of movement. These devices, to which thecarbons are attached, and through which the requisite motions to feedthe carbons and form the arc are transmitted, constitute what is hereinreferred to as a carbon-actuating mechanism, it being that part of thelamp mechanism which, being connected to and actuated by a suitabledriving or feed-controlling mechanism, communicates the movement to thecarbons.

Various forms and descriptions of feeding mechanism can be readilyemployed and applied in connection with the devices thus far describedfor effecting the necessary movements to feed the carbons and form thearc, the requisites of such a feeding mechanism being, first, a meansvfor elevating the inner end of the pivoted shaft, thereby separating thecarbons and forming the arc without the necessity of moving back orreversing the mo` tion of the shaft, and, second, a mechanism operatingto rotate the shaft and feed the carbons together in proportion as theyare consumed, thus regulating and maintaining the proper arc.

l have devised several feeding mechanisms independent of and eachadapted for use in connection with devices such as described foreffecting the movements of the carbons, and in the accompanying drawingsI have illustrated one form, which, as has been demonstrated bypractical tests, is adapted not only to so feed the carbons as toproduce a steady light, but to accomplish this operation when subjectedto violent shocks and jars, such as are produced bya locomotive runningat a high speed.

The mechanism referred to consists, essen y tially, of an electro-magnetwhich, when the circuit is closedthrough the carbons, operates to raiseand to sustain in its elevated position the innerendoftheoperating-shaft E,afeeding mechanism applied to the said operating-shaltand set in motion by a second electro-magnet located in a branchcirucit, said mehanism operating to rotate the shaft, and thus cause thesimultaneous approach ofthe carbons to maintain the are, and a thirdelectro-magnet located in a shunt-circuit and operating,when theresistance ofthe arc is abnormally increased, to close the said branchcircuit, and

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thereby set in action the feeding mechanism. On the inner end oftheoscillating shaft E2 is secured a pinion, F, through which motion istransmitted to said shaft from the feeding mechanism; or frictionalgearing may be employed, if desired. The feeding mechanism proper issupported in aframe, G, located beneath the electro-magnet G', andprovidedv at the top with an armature, G2, facing the polepieces of saidmagnet. The frame G is permitted a limited vertical motion, and to thisend it is supported and guided at the top upon pins g g of non-magneticmaterial secured to pole-pieces of the electro-magnet G or otherconvenient portion of the frame, and at the bottom on a pin, g', in abearing, g2, attached to the frame C. Mounted in suitable bearings inthis movable frame G are two shafts or spin` dles,G3 G4. rllhe uppershaft, G3, is arranged beneath, but inthe same vertical plane as theshaft E7, and carries a small pinion, g5, for engagement with the pinionF, and a large pinion, g5, gearing into the small pinion g5 on the shaftG5. On the shaft G4 is mounted a suitable clutch or equivalent devicefor giving motion to the gear-train at the proper intervals, saidmechanism consisting in this instance of the flanged disk or Wheel G5,secured to the shaft G, an arm or link, g5, pivoted upon said shaft, alink, g7, carrying a grooved or slotted block embracing the 'flange ofthe wheel G5, a link, g5, pivoted to the arm g5 at one end, and at theother to the inner end of the link 07, and a spring, g", bearing againstthe arm g5 and link 97, and causing the latter, when raised, to firmlygrasp the rim or iiange of the wheel G5, and thus turn the latter, atthe same time permitting the said link g7 to move freely in the oppositedirection. In order to prevent the backward movement of the wheel G5 asthe clutch moves down to take a fresh hold,it is advisable to employ abrake acting upon said wheel G5, and as a convenient means for applyingsuch a device I have mounted upon the end of shaft G3 a spring, gl", thetwo arms of which make contact with and press upon the periphery of thewheel G5. It is obvious, however, that other forms of brake mechanismand differently applied may be used with like effect. This feedingmechanism constructed and applied as described possesses several noveland valuable features which are entirely independent ofthe partic- -ulardevices for actuating the clutch so long as the movement necessary tomaintain the arc is secured.

So long as thereis no current passing through the coils of theelectro-magnet G', and until the circuit is established and a current ofsufficient strength to sustain the feeding mechanism passes through thecoils, the frame G remains down,the pinion g5 drops below and out ofcontact with the pinion F, the operatingshaft E7 falls and rests againstthe lower stop, and the carbon-carriers, being thus left free to move bygravity, the carbons are gradually brought together until 'theirproximate ends are' brought into contact.Y The circuit now beingestablished, the current passes through the coils of the electro-magnetG', attracting the armature G7, thus raising the frame G and holding itelevated so long as the current is maintained above the minimum strengthnecessary to raise the said frame G. As the frame G rises the pinion g5is brought into contact with the pinion F on the operating-shaft E7,therebyr causing the teeth on said pinions to mesh and at the same timeelevating the inner end of the shaft E5, thus separating the two earbonsto form the arc. n During this vertical movement of the frame G, whichat once effects the application of the feeding devices to theoperating-shaft and the separation of the carbons to form the arc, nobackward movement of the operating-shaft or feeding mechanism is eected,nor can any take place, owing to the presence of the clutch and brakeand the arrangement of the gearing.

The mechanism above described as borne by the frame G constitutes whatis herein referred to as the feed mechanism,7 being that part or portionof the lamp mechanism which operates upon and gives motion to thecarbonactuating mechanism before referred to, and it is in turn operatedupon and the requisite movements produced by feed --controllingmechanism, which latter will now be described.

The are having been formed and the feeding mechanism brought intoposition to operate it, it only remains to attach an efficient mechanismto operate, at the proper intervals, upon the clutch to effect thegradual approach of the carbons as they are consumed, and therebymaintain the vare. The mechanism provided in this instance for actuatingthe arm g5 of the clutch consists, essentially, of an electro magnet, H,preferably located in a branch of the main circuit, and anelectroinagnet, I, preferably of relatively higher resistance located ina shunt-circuit around the lamp, the last-named electro-magnetoperating, when the resistance of the are is abnormally increased, toclose the branch circuit, in which the electro-magnet H is included,causing the latter to actuate the feeding mechanism until the resistanceof the are is sufficiently diminished by the approach of the carbons.

The armature H of the electromagnet H is carried by an arm or lever, H2,pivoted to the frame G, as at h. This lever H2 carries an arm, h,pivoted to the arm gs of the clutch, and at its lower end it is providedwith a plate or block, h2, preferably of some insulating material, tothe sides or faces of which latter are secured the contact springs orplates h3. These springs or plates h3 work between and upon the switchplates or contacts l1.4 h5, there being preferably two sets of saidplates and springs-one set on either side of block h7-the better tomaintain electrical contact and facilitate the action of the saidsprings h5. The contacts h h5 are secured to a plate or block ofinsulating material, h, or otherwise suitably insulated from theirsupport. The

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armature I of the electro-magnet I is attached to a lever, I2, pivotedatt upon the block he, and carrying an adjustable contact, 1J', which,acting in conjunction with a contact, i2,closes the circuit through thefeed-operating electro- -magnet H. The armature I is retained inposition in front of the electro-magnet I by means of an adjustable linkor bolt, i3, at- ,tached to lever I2, bearing against a projection oryoke, it, and the resistance to the attraction of the saidelectro-magnet I is determined and regulated by means of auadjusting-screw, t5, bearing against a spring, t6,- but other suitablemechanism well known as applicable for the purpose may be employed. Aspring, hl, is likewise applied to draw the lever HL away from theelectro-magnet H.

The circuit-connections for the several electro-magnets and switches arearranged as follows: From the binding-post J extends a wire, j, to theswitch-plates h4, and from the latter extends a wire, j', to theelectro-magnet G. The coils of the electro-magnet G and H, preferably ofabout the same resistance, are connected by a wire, j?, and from thelast-mentioned electro-magnet H extends a wire, js, terminating at theinsulated plate K, carrying the contact i2. The lever I2,carrying thecontact ri',is connected by a wire, jt, with switchplatesh".'Ihelower-carbon carrier is connected to the binding-post J/ by a wire,j, and the upper-carbon carrier to the wire j2,intermedi ate theelectro-magnets G H, by a wire, j. The electro-magnet I, being in ashunt-circuit, may conveniently be connected by wires j7 to thebinding-post J2 and switch-plates h4, re-

spectively.

As thus constructed, arranged, and connected, the current entering thebinding-post J will pass to the switch-plates h, and a portion of itwill at all times pass through the coils of the eleetro-magnetI to theopposite bindingp0st,J. The main portion ofthe current will, however,owing to the difference in the resistance of the two circuits, pass fromthe switchplate ltthrough the coils of the electro-magnet G', thence tothe upper andlower carbons,and by wire ji to binding-post J. Theelectromagnet G being thus energized, raises its armature, and with itthe feeding mechanism supported in frame G, thus causing the carbons toseparate, forming the are. So long as the arc is formed, be it longer orshorter than the normal, the frame G will remain elevated, but if fromthe breaking of the carbons or opening of the main circuit the currentpassing between the carbons should cease, the frame G will instantlydrop, thus allowing the ca-rbons to feed together in readiness foraction. As the carbons are consumed and the resistance of the arcincreases, a larger proportion. of the current finds its way through theshunt-circuit, energizing the electro-magnet Isufliciently to overcomethe force of the reacting-spring t, and bring the points t" t incontact, thus closing at this point the circuit through electromagnet H.The current which previously passed from binding-post J to plate h4, andthence through electro-magnet G to the upper carbon, is now caused todivide, part passing through the circuit just traced, and part fromswitch-plates It", through contact springs or plates h3 on lever H2, toswitch-plate h5, and thence to lever I', points c" i2, electro-magnet H,to upper carbon. Immediately the electromagnet H becomes energized itattracts its armature and operates the clutch mechanism to effect aslight feed of the carbons; but as the lever H2, to which the armature Hand clutcharm are connected, is movedtoward the electromagnet H thecontact-springs h3, carried by said lever, are withdrawn from theswitchplates h5, thus breaking the circuit through the electro-magnet H,thereby releasing the lever Hz and permitting the spring hi to draw itback, when the connection is again made and the armature attracted.

It will thus be seen that so long as the electro-magnet I issufficiently energized to hold the points i i2 in contact, and thisoccurs only when the resistance of the arc is abnormally increased, thelever H2 will be caused to vibrate rapidly, thereby effecting adeterminate feed of the carbons, and as soon as the resistance of theare is reduced to the normal the circuit will be broken at z" i2 and thefeeding mechanism remain in stata quo, ready at all times to be againoperated.

It will also be noticed that at no period is there a break in thecircuit between the binding-posts J J', the circuit through theelectromagnet G being at all times closed so long as the lamp isoperating.

In practice it is usual to employ electromagnets G and H of about thesame resistance; but this is not found to be essential,although, whenany material variation exists between the two,it is advisable that theelectromagnet G should offer less resistance than the electromagnet H.The reciprocations given to the lever H2 are so rapid that in practiceit has been found profitable to so proportion the gearing thatthevcarbons shall at cach reciprocation of the clutch be moved about the.035 of an inch, thereby increasing the power exerted by the clutch andin the same proportion more readily preventing any accidental movementof the carbons, at the same time securing a regular, positive, andalmost continuous feeding of the carbons proportional to the increasedresistance in the are due to the burning away of the points.

Although I have shown and described what is termed the feeding mechanismas mounted wholly upon the moving frame, I do not wish to be understoodas limiting my invention to such construction, inasmuch as this part ofmy invention pertains, broadly, to the application of an independentfeeding mechanism Vto the operating-shaft of the` carboncarriers,whereby the latter are, when the lamp is not in operation, disconnectedfrom the feed; hence to accomplish this, though with not so good ane'ect, the operating-shaft IOO IIO

might be elevated and sustained by the electro-magnet G', and thus bebrought into contact with the feed mechanism mounted in a stationaryframe, as shown in Fig. 6. Moreover, the same result can be accomplishedby mounting thefeed mechanismin a fixed frame and supporting thatportion through which the motion of the feed mechanism is communicatedto the carbon-operating shaft, upon a movable frame connected to thearmature of the electromagnet, as shown in Fig. 7.

I claim as my invention- 1.,In combination, with the reflector and thebase upon which it is mounted, a plate attached to said base andcarrying the working mechanism of an electric-arc lamp whose carbons arelocated within the refiector, said plate being pivotally attached to thebase and provided with a clamping-screw, as described, whereby the platecan be secured at different points about the pivot and the carbonsadjusted Within the reflector, substantially as described.

2. In combination with the reflector and the vertically and laterally'adjustable frames carrying the operating mechanism of an electricarclamp, the base-plate upon which said adjustable frames are supported,pivoted at one side of the reflector and held in adjusted position by aclamp, substantially as described, whereby the carbons can be swung inthe arc of a circle longitudinally of the refiector.

3. The combination, in an arclamp, of two reciprocating carbon-carriers,an intermediate shaft connected to and operating upon said carriers tocause their simultaneous approach and recession, an oscillating supportfor said shaft, and an electro-magnet operating through suit-ableconnections to tilt the operating-shaft, and thus cause a separation ofthe carbons, substantially as described.

4. The combination, in an arc lamp, of two reciprocatingcarbon-carriers, an intermediate oscillating operating-shaft connectedthereto, a movable feeding mechanism, and an electro magnet for bringingsaid feeding mechanism into operative connection with said shaft,substantially as described.

5. In an arc lamp and in combination with the reciprocatingcarbon-carriers and the oscillating connecting and operating shaft, aseparate feeding mechanism mounted in a movable support and actuated byan electromagnet to bring said feeding mechanism into connection withthe operating-shaft and oscillate the latter, whereby the arc is formedand the feeding mechanism placed in operative connection with thecarbon-carriers, substantially as described.

6. The combination,in an arc lamp,and with an oscillating shaftcontrolling the movements of the carbon-carriers, of an independentfeed-- ing mechanism adapted to engage said operating-shaft, and anelectro-magnet located in the main line and adapted, when the current isestablished, to bring the feeding mechanism into operative connectionwith the oscillating shaft and sustain the same in position,substantially as described.

7. In an arc lamp, and in combination with an oscillatingoperating-shaft connected to and controlling the movements of thecarbon-carriers thereof, an independent feed mechanism for actuatingsaid operatingshaft and an electro-magnet for bringing said feedmechanism into connection with the operat-ingshaft when the currentisestablished, substantially as described.

8. In an arc lamp, and in combination with the carbon-carriers andoperating-shaft thereof, an independent feeding mechanism normallydisconnected from said operating-shaft, and an electro-magnet forbringing the feeding mechanism into operative connection, substantiallyas described.

9. In an arc lamp containing two movable carboncarriers, and anintermediate shaft supported in an oscillating bearing and so connectedto the carriers as to control their movements, and in combination withsaid I shaft, an independent feed mechanism carrying a driver forengaging and rotating the said shaft, and an electro-magnet in the maincircuit acting, when energized, to bring the said driver into engagementwith the said oscillating-shaft, substantially as and for the purposeset forth.

10. In an electric-arc lamp, and in combination with an independent feedmechanism and thetwo carbon-carriers, the intermediate shaft connectedtothe said carriers and mounted in a pivoted bearing, substantially asdescribed, whereby when the lamp is not in operation the carbons arecaused to approach by the action of gravity and independent of thefeeding mechanism, substantially as de-l scribed.

ll. In an arc lamp, and in combinationwith the movable carbon-carriersand their operating-shaft supported in an oscillating bearing, anindependent feed mechanism rotating in 011e direction only, and anelectro-magnet operating to connect said feed mechanism andoperating-shaft when the current is established through the carbons,substantially as described.

12. In an electric lamp containing two reciprocating carbon-carriers,and a connecting operating-shaft sustained in pivoted bearings and incombination with said shaft and the gear attached thereto, anindependent feed mechanism provided with a pinion for engagement withthe gear on the oscillating shaft,and an electro-inagnet operating toraise said pinion into engagement with said gear, vibrate the saidoperating-shaft and hold the latterin position so long as the current ismaintained substantially as described.

13. In an arc lamp, and in combination with the mechanism connected withthe carboncarriers to actuate them, an independent feed mechanism, andmechanism for automatically IIO connecting the feed mechanism andcarbonactuating mechanism when the lamp is in operation, substantiallyIas described.

14. In an electric lamp wherein the feed mechanism is independent of thecarbon-actuating mechanism and connected thereto automatically when thelamp is in operation, and in combination with said feed mechanism, afeed controlling mechanism the actuatingmagnet whereof is located in abranch of the main circuit, substantially as described.

l5. In combination with the carbon-actuating mechanism, the independentfeed mechanism, and the electro-magnet controlling the movement of thefeed mechanism toward and from the carbon-actuatingmechanism, afeedeontrolling mechanism consisting, essentially, of an electro magnetin a branch circuit, mechanism controlled thereby for alternatelyopening and closing said circuit to actuate the clutch, and anelectro-magnet in a shunt-circuit for closing said branch circuit,substantially as described.

16. As a means for actuating the feeding mechanism of an are lamp, andin combination with the clutch applied thereto, an electro-magnet in abranch circuit, a lever controlled by said electro-magnet and connectedto said clutch, a circuit-breaker operating in unison with said leverand located in said branch circuit, and an electro-magnet in ashunt-circuit for closing said branch circuit, substantially asdescribed.

17.` In an are lamp, and in ccmbination with the carbon-actuatingmechanism and the pivoted shaft thereof,the independent feeding`mechanism mounted inV the reciprocating frame, the electro-magnetactuating said frame and thereby applying` the feed mechanism to thecarbon-actuating mechanism, and a feed-controlling mechanism foroperating the feed n"`chanism, substantially as described.

S. In an are lamp wherein are included a carbon-actuating mechanism, anindependent feeding mechanism, and a feed-controlling mechanism, anelectro-magnet in the main circuit applied to the feeding-mechanism tosustain the latter in operative connection with the carbon actuatingmechanism, a second electro-magnet located in a branch of the maincircuit, a third electromagnet located in a shunt-circuit and operatingto close the branch circuit, and a switch mechanism located in thebranch circuit and operating to alternately open and close said circuitand thereby actuate the brake mechanism, substantially as described.

19. In an electric lamp, and in combination with the carbon-feeding andarc forming mechanism thereof, the electro-magnet located in the branchcircuit, the electro-magnet in the shunt-circuit, the circuit-breakeractuated by the, magnet in the shunt-circuit, the armature connected tothe switch and clutch, and the switch-plates connected, respectively, tothe branch and main circuits, substantially as de scribed.

20. In an electric lamp, and in combination with the carbon-carriers andpivoted operating-shaft, the feeding-train mounted in theVertically-reciprocating frame and carrying the pinion for engagementwith a pinion on the operating-shaft, the electro-magnet operating uponsaid frame to connect the feed mechanism and raise the operating-shaft,and a clutch actuated by suitable controlling mechanism applied to saidfeed mechanism, substantially as described.

21. In combination with the flanged driving-wheel G5, applied to thefeed mechanism, the grooved block gl,pivoted to the arm g8,attached tothe lever g, andthe spring g,carried by said lever and pressing upon thepivoted block gi to hold it in engagement with the flange of thedriving-wheel G5, substantially as described.

22. In an electric lamp, and in combination with the carbon-carriers andoperating-shaft thereof, anindependent feed mechanism rotatinginterinittingly and in one direction only, and an electro-magnetcontrolling the application of said feed mechanism to the operatingshaftof the carboncarriers, substantially as described.

23. In combination with the feeding devices,

' and as a means for actuating the same, an

electro-magnet in a branch of the main circuit for driving the feedmechanism, a circuitbreaker included in said circuit and actuated by thebefore-mentioned electro-magnet, and an electro-magnet in ashunt-circuit controlling a switch in the said branch circuit,substantially as described.

GEO. C. PYLE.

Vit-iiesses:

SAML. Brees, ARTHUR Hides.

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